Information recording medium

ABSTRACT

A recording medium is provided, which maximizes the recording capacity and simplifies the configuration of an information recording/reproducing apparatus including a pickup. In the medium, different types of wobbling signals are preformatted in each of the adjacent land and groove signal tracks. A same-phase wobbling signal provided by wobbling each side of the respective land and groove signal tracks in the same phase, and a different-phase wobbling signal provided by wobbling each side of the respective land and groove signal tracks in a different phase are used as the different types of wobbling signals. The physical positions of all the land and groove signal tracks are indicated by the same-phase wobbling signal.

CROSS REFERENCE

The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser.No. 09/791,758 filed on Feb. 26, 2001 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,914,856 B2,issued Jul. 5, 2005) which is a continuation in part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/134,368 filed Aug. 14, 1998 (now U.S. Pat. No.6,208,614), for which priority is claimed under 35 U.S.C. § 120; and thepresent application claims priority of patent application Ser. No.1997-39054 filed in Republic of Korea on Aug. 16, 1997 and patentapplication Ser. No. 1997-57619 filed in Republic of Korea on Nov. 1,1997, under 35 U.S.C. § 119. The entire content of each of theseapplications are herein fully incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a recording medium having land and groovetracks, and more particularly to a recording medium that is adapted torecord information on both the land tracks and the groove tracks.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Recently, an optical recording medium, an optical magnetic recordingmedium and so on have been developed as a recording medium for recordingvarious information such as video and audio information, etc. and arecommercially available in the market. Such an optical recording mediumincludes a read-only type disc such as CD, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, etc., awrite-once-read-many type disc such as CD-R, DVD-R, etc., and arewritable type disc such as CD-RW, DVD-RAM, etc.

In the conventional rewritable disc, it is previously recorded anidentified (hereinafter “ID”) information including an address (orposition) information allowing an information to be recorded in thedesired position. Actually, the optical disc such as CD-R, etc., asshown FIG. 1, includes a land and groove signal tracks 10 and 12 formedthereon. Also, the ID information including the address information,etc. is preformatted on the optical disc by wobbling the groove track 12in accordance with a carrier which the ID information isfrequency-modulated. The address information can be obtained from awobbling signal picked-up from the wobbled groove signal track 12 andthe information can be recorded at the desired position on the disc bythe obtained address information. In the optical disc having suchstructure, a recording capacity is limited because the information isrecorded on only the groove track 12.

Also, an optical disc such as DVD-R and so on, as shown FIG. 2, is knownas the information can be recorded on all of land and groove signaltracks 10 and 12. The optical disc comprises a header field having theID information of address information, etc. recorded in a pre-pit trainand a recording field consisting of any one of the land and groovesignal track 10 and 12 wobbled in the same phase. In this disc, sincethe information can be not recorded on the header field consisting ofthe pre-pit train, the recording capacity is limited. As describedabove, the prior recording medium make to decrease an amount ofinformation to be recorded on recordable area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide arecording medium that is capable of increasing an amount of recordableinformation.

It is other object of the present invention to provide a recordingmedium that is capable of maximizing an amount of information to berecorded on all of the land and groove signal tracks.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an informationrecording and reproducing apparatus that is capable of performinginformation record and reproduction for the above recording medium.

In order to achieve this and other objects of the invention, a recordingmedium according to an aspect of the present invention includes a signaltrack being wobbled in a predetermined frequency and having first andsecond wobbling areas. First wobbling area comprises a readableidentified information, while second wobbling area has a non-readableidentified information. Also, first and second wobbling areas isalternatively arranged.

An optical disc according to another aspect of the present inventionincludes a land track, a groove track alternated frequently with theland track, and a land/groove transition information including a mirrorpattern.

An apparatus for recording and reproducing an information on an opticaldisc according to another aspect of the present invention includes:means for detecting a land/groove transition information on the opticaldisc having a land and groove tracks alternated in a predetermined trackperiod, the land/groove transition information indicating a land/groovecross position between any one of the land and groove tracks and theanother track; and a servo motor unit, responsive to the land/groovetransition information, for controlling a servo motor and for invertinga tracking error signal in the polarity, the tracking error signalforcing a light beam on the optical disc to be traced to a center lineof the land and groove tracks.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

This and other objects of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing detailed description of the embodiments of the presentinvention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of a CD-Rdisc;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of a DVD-RAMdisc;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of anoptical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of atwo-spiral type optical disc according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of aone-spiral type optical disc according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a changing state in frame IDspreformatted in signal tracks of the optical disc shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a changing state in frame IDspreformatted in signal tracks of the optical disc shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of anoptical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates wobbling signals detected from the optical dischaving the signal track structure in FIG. 9 and synchronous patterns andidentification codes decoded with the wobbling signals;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a conventional informationrecording/reproducing apparatus for accessing an optical disc having thesignal track structure in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a detailed view of the photo detector shown in FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a detail view of the frame identification code pattern on thesame-phase wobbling area 34A as shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of anoptical disc according to still another embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIGS. 14A and 14B are detail view of the land/groove transitioninformation as shown in FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing an optical discrecording/reproducing apparatus for accessing an optical disc having thesignal track structure in FIG. 12 or FIG. 13, according to an embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a signal track structure of anoptical disc according to still another embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 17A is a detail view of the land/groove transition informationpreformatted on the land/groove cross portion as shown in FIG. 16;

FIG. 17B is a detail view of the transition data pattern included in theland/groove transition information as shown in FIG. 17A;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing an optical discrecording/reproducing apparatus for accessing an optical disc having thesignal track structure in FIG. 16, according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 19 is a detail block diagram of the land/groove transitioninformation detector 96 as shown in FIG. 18; and

FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram showing signals generated in each thecircuitry element shown in FIG. 19.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown an optical disc according to anembodiment of the present invention having land and groove signal tracks20 and 22. The land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22 are defined inparallel in a spiral pattern from the innermost circumference to theoutermost circumference of the optical disc as shown in FIG. 4, orarranged alternately every rotation period from the innermostcircumference to the outermost circumference in such a manner to formone spiral signal track as shown in FIG. 5. Each of land and groovesignal tracks 20 and 22 includes same-phase wobbling areas 24A anddifferent-phase wobbling areas 24B that intersect at every predeterminedregion and appear alternately in the circumference direction i.e., theproceeding direction of the respective track. These same-phase wobblingareas 24A alternate with the difference-phase wobbling areas 24B in thediameter direction i.e., the width direction of the land and groovetrack 20 and 22. In the same-phase wobbling area 24A represented by theoblique lines in FIG. 3, being preformatted with ID informationincluding an address information, etc. thereon, each side of therespective land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22 is wobbled to havethe same-phase in accordance with carrier which ID information isfrequency-modulated. Each side of the difference-phase wobbling areas24B is wobbled to have the difference phase by alternating thedifference-phase wobbling areas 24B with the same-phase wobbling areas24A in both the proceeding direction and the width direction of thesignal tracks 20 and 22. As a result, the address information can beobtained from a wobbling signal on only same-phase wobbling area 24A.For example, if a pair of the same-phase area 24A and thedifference-phase wobbling area 24B is used for an information recordingunit i.e., one frame as shown FIG. 3, the address information is readoutfrom only the same-phase wobbling area 24A positioned in front and backof the difference-phase wobbling area 24B so that an user information isrecorded in the information recording unit on the basis of the readoutaddress information. Therefore, in the recording medium having suchstructure, the information can be recorded on all of the land and groovesignal tracks 20 and 22, furthermore all of recordable areas is used.

FIG. 4 shows an optical disc, wherein the land and groove tracks 20 and22 as shown in FIG. 3 are defined in parallel in a spiral shape. In thediameter direction, the same-phase wobbling area 24A is positioned inonly the land signal track 20 or the groove signal track 22 and thedifferent-phase wobbling area 24B is positioned in only the groovesignal track 22 or the land signal track 20. In other words, thesame-phase wobbling area 24A and the different-phase wobbling area 24Bappear alternately in both the circumference direction and the diameterdirection. j same-phase wobbling areas 24A and j different-phasewobbling areas 24B are alternately arranged in each of the land andgroove signal tracks 20 and 22 for one turn to divide the signal track20 and 22 for one turn into j frames. As shown in FIG. 6, the same-phasewobbling areas 24A formed in the land signal track 20 have sequentiallyincreasing frame identification codes PIDs, respectively. Likewise, thesame-phase wobbling areas 24A formed in the groove track 22 also havesequentially increasing frame identification codes PIDs, respectively.

FIG. 5 shows an optical disc, wherein the ID information of the addressinformation, etc. is preformatted on each of the land and groove tracks20 and 22 which is alternated by one turn to make single spiral shape,as shown in FIG. 4. In FIG. 5, the single signal track is changed fromthe land signal track 20 to the groove signal track 22 or from thegroove signal track 22 to the land signal track 20 on the basis of aland/groove cross line. Also, the same-phase wobbling area 24A and thedifference-phase wobbling area 24B are alternatively arranged in each ofthe land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22. In the diameter, thesame-phase wobbling area 24A is positioned in only the land signal track20 or the groove signal track 22 and the different-phase wobbling area24B is positioned in only the groove signal track 22 or the land signaltrack 20. That is, the same-phase wobbling area 24A and thedifferent-phase wobbling area 24B appear alternately in both thecircumference direction and the diameter direction. In order toalternate the same-phase wobbling area 24A and the difference-phasewobbling area 24B in the diameter direction, the same-phase wobblingareas 24A and the difference-phase wobbling areas 24B included in eachof the signal tracks 20 and 22 for one turn is increased by one in thenumber as the signal tracks 20 and 22 are proceeded from innercircumference to outer circumference. For example, in the signal tracks20 and 22 for two turns (i.e., a pair of land and groove signal tracks20 and 22), 2m+1 same-phase wobbling areas 24A and 2m+1 difference-phasewobbling areas exist. That is, 2m+1 frames exist. Therefore, in thesignal track 20 or 22 for one turn, any one area of both areas is m+1and the other area is m. Furthermore, if the signal tracks 20 and 22 fortwo turns (i.e., a pair of land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22) aredivided into 7 frames, m is 3 and so the same-phase wobbling area 24Aand the difference-phase wobbling area 24B exist by 7, respectively. Indetail, 4(=m+1) same-phase wobbling areas 24A and 3(=m) difference-phasewobbling areas 24B are arranged in the signal track for first one turn(i.e., in the land signal track 20) and 3(=m) same-phase wobbling areas24A and 4(=m+1) difference-phase wobbling areas 24B are positioned inthe signal track for second one turn (i.e., in the groove signal track22).

Referring now to FIG. 8, there is shown an optical disc according toanother embodiment of the present invention having land and groovesignal tracks 30 and 32. The optical disc of FIG. 8 includes thesame-phase wobbling area 34A and difference-phase wobbling area 34B suchas in FIG. 3 and further comprises a pre-wobbling area 34C andpost-wobbling area 34D which a synchronous pattern is preformatted ineach front of the same-phase wobbling area 34A and the differencewobbling area 34B. The pre-wobbling area 34C and post-wobbling area 34Dare formed on both the land and groove signal tracks 30 and 32 in sameformat. That is, the pre-wobbling area 34C and the post-wobbling area34D have the same phase without regarding to the land and groove signaltracks 30 and 32. Also, in each of the pre-wobbling area 34C andpost-wobbling area 34D, the different synchronous patterns each other,i.e. logical values having a complementary relationship are respectivelypreformatted. Since the land and groove tracks 30 and 32 have opticalcharacteristics contrary to each other and the pre-wobbling area 34C andpost-wobbling area 34D are alternatively arranged in the width directionof the signal tracks 30 and 32, signals having phases contrary to eachother are detected from each of the pre-wobbling area 34C and thepost-wobbling area 34D having the same phase. In detail, the synchronouspatterns preformatted on the pre-wobbling areas 34C represented byoblique lines in FIG. 8 have the same logical value, likewise thesynchronous patterns preformatted on post-wobbling areas 34D representednot by oblique lines also have the same logical value. Contrarily, thesynchronous patterns on the pre-wobbling area 34C represented by theoblique lines and on the post-wobbling area 34D represented not by theoblique lines have logical values in the complementary relationship,respectively. The synchronous patterns preformatted on the pre-wobblingarea 34C and on the post-wobbling area 34D indicate reference points foreach of the same-phase wobbling area and the difference-phase wobblingarea 34D.

FIG. 9 illustrates the synchronous patterns detected from thepre-wobbling area 34C and the post-wobbling area 34D as shown in FIG. 8.A pre-synchronous pattern is detected from the pre-wobbling area 34C anda post-synchronous pattern is obtained from the post-wobbling area 34D.A LWS is a wobbling signal detected from the land signal track 30 and aGWS is a wobbling signal detected from the groove signal track 32. Thesewobbling signals LWS and GWS include a pre-synchronous componentdetected from the pre-wobbling area 34C and a post-synchronous componentdetected from the post-wobbling area 34D, wherein the pre-synchronouscomponent and the post-synchronous component have the phases contrary toeach other, respectively. The pre-synchronous pattern of “00010111” andthe post-synchronous pattern of “11101000” are obtained by demodulatingthe pre-synchronous component and post-synchronous component. In otherwords, the pre-synchronous pattern and the post-synchronous pattern arereadout from each of the land and groove signal tracks 30 and 32adjacent to each other. These synchronous patterns is preformatted onthe signal tracks 30 and 32 so that it is effectively performed theaccess of the optical disc.

Referring now to FIG. 10, there is shown a conventional informationrecording/reproducing apparatus for accessing the optical disc in FIG. 1and FIG. 2. A process of accessing the optical discs according toembodiments of the present invention using this informationrecording/reproducing apparatus will be explained below. In FIG. 10, theinformation recording/reproducing apparatus includes a spindle motor 42for rotating an optical disc 40, an optical pickup 44 for accessing theoptical disc 40 and a signal detector 46 connected, in series, to theoptical pickup 44. The optical pickup 44 irradiates a light beam ontoland or groove signal tracks of the optical disc 40, that is, onto theland or groove signal tracks 20 or 22 as shown in FIG. 3, or the land orgroove signal tracks 30 or 32 as shown in FIG. 8, thereby writing aninformation into the land or groove signal tracks, or reading out theinformation written into the land or groove signal tracks. To this end,the optical pickup 44 includes a beam splitter BS for guiding a lightbeam from a laser diode LD to an objective lens OL and a light beam fromthe objective lens LD to a photo detector PD, and an actuator AC formoving the objective lens to the up, down, left, and right to perform afocusing and a tracking. The objective lens OL converges a light beamdirecting the beam splitter BS to the optical disc 40. The beam splitterBS allows a light beam from the laser diode LD to be irradiated, via theobjective lens OL, onto the land signal track or the groove signal trackof the optical disc 40, and allows a light beam reflected by the opticaldisc 40 to be progressed to the photo detector PD. The actuator AC movesthe objective lens OL in the up and down direction, thereby irradiatinga light beam onto the surface of the land or groove signal track in aspot shape. Also, the actuator AC moves the objective lens OL in theleft and right direction, thereby tracing a light beam along the centerline of the land or groove track. The photo detector PD converts aquantity of the reflective light received, via the objective lens OL andthe beam splitter BS, from the optical disc 40 into an electricalsignal. As shown in FIG. 11, the photo detector PD consists of fourphoto detecting pieces PDa to PDd so that it can detect a distributionof the light irradiated onto the signal tracks 20 and 22. The four lightdetecting pieces PDa to PDd are positioned such that they correspond toeach other for two pieces on a basis of the progressing direction of thesignal track. In other words, the first and fourth light detectingpieces PDa and PDd are positioned at the outer circumference or theinner circumference on the basis of the progress direction of the signaltrack; while the second and third light detecting pieces PDb and PDc arepositioned at the inner circumference or the outer circumference,respectively. The signal detector 46 detects a wobbling signal W, afocusing error signal Fe, a tracking error signal Te and a radiofrequency signal RF included in first to fourth electrical signals Pa toPd. The wobbling signal W, the focusing signal Fe, the tracking errorsignal Te and the radio frequency signal RF are obtained by calculatingthe first to fourth electrical signals Pa to Pd by the followingequations:W=(Pa+Pd)−(Pb+Pc)  (1)Fe=(Pa+Pc)−(Pb+Pd)  (2)Te=∫[(Pa+Pd)−(Pb+Pc)]dt  (3)RF=Pa+Pb+Pc+Pd  (4)

When an optical disc shown in FIG. 3 is recorded or reproduced, thewobbling signal W includes a same-phase wobbling component detected froma region in which each side of the land or groove track 20 or 22 iswobbled in the same phase, and a different-phase wobbling componentdetected from a region in which each side of the land or groove track 20or 22 is wobbled in a different phase. Otherwise, when an optical discshown in FIG. 8 is recorded or reproduced, the wobbling signal Wincludes a same-phase wobbling component detected from a region in whicheach side of the land or groove track 30 or 32 is wobbled in the samephase, a different-phase wobbling component detected from a region inwhich each side of the land or groove track 30 or 32 is wobbled in thedifferent phase, and a pre-wobbling and post-wobbling componentsdetected from each of the pre-wobbling area 34C and post-wobbling area34D in which each side of the land and groove signal tracks 30 and 32 iswobbled in the same phase.

A focusing servo 68 included in the information recording/reproducingapparatus responds to the focusing error signal Fe from the signaldetector 66 to control a voltage or a current supplied to the actuatorAc, thereby moving the objective lens OL in the vertical direction bymeans of the actuator Ac. By moving the objective lens OL in thevertical direction, a spot-shaped light beam is irradiated onto the landor groove track of the optical disc 60. Likewise, a tracking servo 70responds to the tracking error signal Te to control a voltage or acurrent supplied to the actuator Ac, thereby moving the objective lensOL in the horizontal direction by means of the actuator Ac. By movingthe objective lens OL in the horizontal direction, a light beamirradiated onto the optical disc 40 traces the land or groove track.

The information recording/reproducing apparatus includes a reproducinginformation processor 52 receiving the radio frequency signal RF fromthe signal detector 46, and a recording clock/identification codedetector 54 receiving the wobbling signal W from the signal detector 46.The reproducing information processor 52 detects a channel bit streamfrom the radio frequency signal RF and decodes the channel bit stream,thereby reproducing an information recorded on the land or groove signaltrack 20 or 22 shown in FIG. 3, or recorded on the land or groove signaltrack 30 or 32 shown in FIG. 8. The information generated in thereproducing information processor 42 is output to an output line 41.Meanwhile, the recording clock/identification code detector 44 detects arecording clock SCLK, an identification code ID including an address,etc. indicating the physical position of the frame, and a rotation speedinformation indicating a rotation speed of the optical disc 40. When theoptical disc 40, in which the same-phase and different-phase wobblingarea 24A and 24B are formed as shown in FIG. 3, is recorded orreproduced, or when the optical disc 40, in which the same-phase anddifferent-phase wobbling area 34A and 34B and pre-wobbling andpost-wobbling signals 34C and 34D are formed as shown in FIG. 8, isrecorded or reproduced, the recording clock/identification code detector74 detects the recording clock SCLK, the identification code ID and therotation speed information from the same-phase component included in thewobbling signal W and the pre-synchronous and post-synchronous patternsfrom each of the pre-wobbling and post-synchronous components.Otherwise, when a different-phase wobbling component is input, therecording clock/identification code detector 54 indicates the generationof error. Meanwhile, the recording information processor 56 makes ablocking of a recording information input from the input line 43 into aframe size and adds the identification code ID to each blockedinformation, thereby producing a channel bit stream. Further, therecording information processor 56 transfers the channel bit stream to alight controller 58 in conformity to the recording clock SCLK from therecording clock/identification code detector 54. Then, the lightcontroller 58 intermits a light beam generated at the laser diode LD inaccordance with a logical value of the channel bit stream from therecording information processor 76, thereby recording the channel bitstream on the signal track of the optical disc 40, i.e., the land orgroove signal track 20 or 22 in FIG. 3, or the land or groove signaltrack 30 or 32 in FIG. 8.

The information recording/reproducing apparatus includes a rotationcontrol signal generator 60 and a motor driver 62 that are connected, inseries, between the recording clock/identification code detector 54 andthe spindle motor 42, and a controller 64 for controlling arecording/reproducing operation. The rotation control signal generator60 detects a rotation speed error amount from the rotation speedinformation from the recording clock/identification code detector 54 andcontrols a voltage level or a current amount of the rotation controlsignal applied to the motor driver 62 in accordance with the detectedrotation speed error amount. Then, the motor driver 62 accelerates ordecelerates the rotation speed of the spindle motor 42 in accordancewith a voltage level or a current amount of the rotation speed signalfrom the rotation speed signal generator 60. By accelerating ordecelerating the rotation speed of the spindle motor 42, a play speed inthe signal track of the optical disc 40 is maintained constantly. Thecontroller 64 controls the operation state of the focusing servo 48 andthe tracking servo 50. Also, the controller 64 operates the recordinginformation processor 56 and the reproducing information processor 52selectively in a recording/reproducing mode and control the lightcontroller 58 in accordance with the recording/reproducing mode, therebycontrolling an intensity of a light beam generated at the laser diodeLD.

FIG. 12 explains a frame identification code pattern on the same-phasewobbling area 34A as shown in FIG. 8. The frame identification codepattern is positioned between the pre-synchronous pattern andpost-synchronous pattern and indicates a frame area recording a userinformation of frame. The frame identification code pattern includes aframe information FI of 1 byte, a physical address PID of 3 bytes and anerror detecting code EDC of 2 bytes. The frame information indicateswhether the frame identification code pattern is pre-formatted at anyone of the land and groove signal tracks 30 and 32. A most significantbit FIb7 included in the frame information FI represents whether theframe information FI is valid or not. A secondly higher significant bitFIb6 next the most significant bit FIb7 indicates whether the frameidentification code pattern is pre-formatted on any one of the land andgroove signal tracks 30 and 32. The rest 6 bits FIb5 to FIb0 have aninformation for a transition between the land and groove signal tracks30 and 32, for example the number of frame identification code patternsfrom the corresponding frame identification code pattern to a transitionbetween the land and groove signal tracks. If the most significant bitFIb7 is “1” and the secondly higher significant bit FIb6 is “1” (or“0”), the frame identification code pattern (i.e., the frame informationFI) indicates the track identifying information, the number of otherframe identification code patterns from the corresponding frameidentification code pattern to the transition position between the landand groove signal tracks 30 and 32, and a fact of that the correspondingframe identification code pattern is recorded on the land signal track30 or on the groove signal track 32.

Also, the frame information FI can be used to record anotherinformation. For example, the frame information includes otherinformation when the its most significant bit FIb7 is “0”. Such a frameinformation can be included in each frame identification code pattern orrecorded every a predetermined frame identification code patterns.

An optical disc reproducing apparatus detects the frame information FIof the frame identification code pattern on the disc and reads out alogical value of the frame information FI, thereby determining whetherany one of the land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22 is accessed now.Also, the optical disc reproducing apparatus finds out the transitionposition between the land and groove signal tracks 20 and 22.

In the frame identification code pattern, the physical address PIDbetween the frame information FI and the error detecting code EDCindicates a position on the disc in which a user data is recorded. Theerror detecting code EDC represents whether errors are in the frameinformation FI and the physical address PID or not. Also, the errordetecting code EDC is used to correct the errors in the frameinformation FI and the physical address PID. To this end, the errordetecting code EDC can be recorded on the disc in a CRC (CyclicRedundancy Check) code.

FIG. 13 illustrates a disc of land/groove recording system according toan embodiment of the present invention, which has a synchronous patternor signal allowing the transition position on the disc to be detected.

Referring to FIG. 13, the disc according to an embodiment of the presentinvention includes same-phase wobbling areas 34A and different-phasewobbling areas 34B arranged alternatively between synchronous patterns(or signals) 34C and 34D, on each land and groove signal track 30 and32. Also, the disc comprises another synchronous patterns 34CT and 34DTfor indicating the transition position between the land and groovesignal tracks 30 and 32. On the basis of a physical address preformattedon the same-phase wobbling area 34A in a shape which both side of thesignal track 30 or 32 is wobbled, a user data is recorded on thesame-phase wobbling area 34A and the different-phase wobbling area 34B.The synchronous pattern 34C and 34D is preformatted between thesame-phase wobbling area 34A and the different-phase wobbling area 34Band defines the same-phase wobbling area 34A and the different-phasewobbling area 34B. The another synchronous pattern (or signal) 34CT and34DT is preformatted at a position adjacent to a land/groove cross lineand has a data being against a bi-phase modulating regulation, therebyindicating the transition position between the same-phase wobbling area34A and the different-phase wobbling area 34B. In other words, thepresent invention allows a pre-synchronous pattern 34CT andpost-synchronous pattern 34DT of the same-phase wobbling area 34A ateach starting portion of the land or groove signal track 30 or 32 tohave the data being against the bi-phase modulating regulation, therebyindicating the transition position between the same-phase anddifferent-phase wobbling areas 34A and 34B. For example, thepre-synchronous pattern 34CT or post-synchronous pattern 34DT of thesame-phase wobbling area 34A at each starting portion of the land orgroove signal track 30 or 32 are preformatted to have the data (or code)such as “11111111” or “00000000” which bits having a identified valueare continued to be against the bi-phase modulating regulation, as shownin FIGS. 14A and 14B.

FIG. 15 shows an optical recording/reproducing apparatus according to anembodiment of the present invention. The optical recording/reproducingapparatus accesses the optical disc shown in FIGS. 12, 13, 14A and 14B.

The optical recording/reproducing apparatus of FIG. 15 has aconfiguration similar to the information recording/reproducing apparatusshown in FIG. 11. The difference between the opticalrecording/reproducing apparatus of FIG. 15 and the informationrecording/reproducing apparatus of FIG. 10 is that the opticalrecording/reproducing apparatus further includes a land/groovedeterminer 66 receiving a land/groove track transition information fromthe recording clock/identification code detector 54 and a polarityinverter 68 connected among the signal detector 46, the tracking servo50 and the land/groove determiner 66.

The optical pickup 44 irradiates a light beam onto land or groove signaltracks of the optical disc 40, that is, onto the land or groove signaltracks 30 or 32 as shown in FIG. 13, thereby writing an information intothe land or groove signal tracks. Also, the optical pickup 44 convertsthe lights reflected by the disc 40 into an electrical signal and readsout the information written into the land or groove signal tracks. Thesignal detector 46 detects a wobbling signal W, a focusing error signalFe, a tracking error signal Te, and a radio frequency signal RF includedin four electrical signals from four detecting pieces of the opticalpickup 44. The recording clock/identification code detector 54 receivesthe wobbling signal W and detects the land/groove transitioninformation, a recording clock SCLK, an identification code ID includingan address, etc. indicating the physical position of the frame, and arotation speed information indicating a rotation speed of the opticaldisc 40. If the disc 40 has the frame information FI of 1 bytepreformatted between the synchronous pattern (or signal) 34C and thephysical address PID as shown FIG. 12, the recordingclock/identification detector 54 detects the frame information FI fromthe wobbling signal W and generates the land/groove track transitioninformation on the basis of the frame information FI. On the other hand,when the optical disc 40 includes the land/groove track transitioninformation preformatted at the pre-synchronous pattern 34CT orpost-synchronous pattern 34DT of the same-phase wobbling area 34A in thestarting and end portions of the land or groove signal track 30 or 32,the recording clock/identification detector 54 detects the correspondingsynchronous pattern (or signal) from the wobbling signal W so as togenerates the land/groove track transition information.

The reproducing information processor 52 detects a channel bit streamfrom the radio frequency signal RF and decodes the channel bit stream,thereby reproducing an information recorded on the land or groove signaltrack 20 or 22 shown in FIG. 3, or recorded on the land or groove signaltrack 30 or 32 shown in FIG. 8. The recording information processor 56makes a blocking of a recording information (or a user data) input fromthe input line 43 into a frame size and adds the identification code ID,which is received from the recording clock/identification detector 54 toeach blocked information, thereby producing a channel bit stream.Further, the recording information processor 56 transfers the channelbit stream to a light controller 58 in conformity to the recording clockSCLK from the recording clock/identification code detector 54. Then, thelight controller 58 intermits a light beam generated at the laser diodeLD in accordance with a logical value of the channel bit stream from therecording information processor 56, thereby recording the channel bitstream on the signal track of the optical disc 40, i.e., the land orgroove signal track 20 or 22 in FIG. 3, or the land or groove signaltrack 30 or 32 in FIG. 8.

The land/groove determiner 66 controls the polarity inverter 58 inaccordance with the land/groove track transition information from therecording clock/identification detector 54. The polarity inverter 68inverts a polarity of the tracking error signal to be transferred fromthe signal detector 46 to the tracking servo 50 upon a control of theland/groove determiner 66, at each time which the land/groove tracktransition information L/G is generated, i.e., every a predeterminedtrack period which the signal track changes from the land signal trackor the groove signal track to the groove signal track or the land signaltrack.

The tracking servo 50 responds to the tracking error signal Te from thepolarity inverter 68 to control a voltage or a current supplied to theactuator Ac, thereby moving the objective lens OL in the horizontaldirection by means of the actuator Ac. By moving the objective lens OLin the horizontal direction, a light beam irradiated onto the opticaldisc 40 traces the land or groove track. Likewise, the focusing servo 48responds to the focusing error signal Fe from the signal detector 46 tocontrol a voltage or a current supplied to the actuator Ac, therebymoving the objective lens OL in the vertical direction by means of theactuator Ac. By moving the objective lens OL in the vertical direction,a spot-shaped light beam is irradiated onto the land or groove track ofthe optical disc 40.

The rotation control signal generator 60 detects a rotation speed erroramount from the rotation speed information from the recordingclock/identification code detector 54 and controls a voltage level or acurrent amount of the rotation control signal applied to the motordriver 62 in accordance with the detected rotation speed error amount.Then, the motor driver 62 accelerates or decelerates the rotation speedof the spindle motor 42 in accordance with a voltage level or a currentamount of the rotation speed signal from the rotation speed signalgenerator 60. By accelerating or decelerating the rotation speed of thespindle motor 42, a play speed in the signal track of the optical disc40 is maintained constantly. The controller 64 controls the operationstate of the focusing servo 48 and the tracking servo 50. Also, thecontroller 64 operates the recording information processor 56 and thereproducing information processor 52 selectively in arecording/reproducing mode and control the light controller 58 inaccordance with the recording/reproducing mode, thereby controlling anintensity of a light beam generated at the laser diode LD.

FIG. 16 illustrates an optical disc according to still anotherembodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 16, the optical disc includes same-phase areas 74A anddifferent-phase areas 74B arranged alternately on each of land andgroove signal tracks 70 and 72, and a land/groove cross portion 76 thatthe track changes from the land signal track 70 to the groove signaltrack 72 or from the groove signal track 72 to the land signal track 70.On the land/groove cross portion 76, there is recorded a land/groovetransition information for indicating a transition position between theland and groove signal tracks 70 and 72. The land/groove transitioninformation enables the land/groove cross portion 76 to be detected.Therefore, an inversion of a tracking error signal, a control conditionand so on can be varied.

FIG. 17A explains the land/groove transition information recorded on theland/groove cross portion 76 of the optical disc.

In FIG. 17A, the land/groove transition information includes first andsecond mirror patterns (or regions) 80A and 80B arranged in a proceedingdirection of each signal track 70 and 72, and a transition data pattern(region) 82 between the first and second mirror patterns 80A and 80B.Each mirror patterns 80A and 80B positioned at both end of thetransition data pattern 82 is formed in a predetermined size (forexample, 4 bytes). The transition data pattern 82 includes spacers 84and recording marks 86 arranged alternately by the predetermined number(for example, by each 75), as shown in FIG. 17B. The spacer 84 has thesize of 4T and the recording mark 86 is formed in the size of 4T. Thenumber of the spacers 84 and the recording marks 86 can be adjusted by amanufacturer. Therefore, the optical disc recording/reproducingapparatus can detects the land/groove cross portion 76 on the basis ofthe mirror patterns 80A and 80B and the transition data pattern 82.

FIG. 18 shows an optical disc recording/reproducing apparatus accordingto another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 18, the optical disc recording/reproducing apparatus includes asignal detector 90 for detecting a radio frequency signal RF and apush-pull signal PP from an optical disc, a radio frequency signalprocessor 92 for compensating the radio frequency signal RF from thesignal detector 90, a modulator/demodulator 94 for modulating anddemodulating the radio frequency signal RF from the radio frequencysignal processor 92, a land/groove transition information detector 96for detecting the land/groove cross portion 76 on the optical disc, anda servo 98 for extracting various signals from the push-pull signal PPand for driving an actuator. The signal detector 90 detects the radiofrequency signal RF and the push-pull signal PP from the optical disc.The push-pull signal PP detected by the signal detector 90 is applied tothe servo 98. The servo 98 detects a tracking error signal included inthe push-pull signal PP and drives the actuator on the basis of thedetected tracking error signal, thereby allowing a light beam convergedon the optical disc to tracing the center line of the land or groovesignal track 70 or 72.

Meanwhile, the radio frequency signal RF detected in the signal detector90 is supplied to the radio frequency signal processor 92 and theland/groove transition information detector 96. The radio frequencysignal processor 92 compensates the radio frequency signal RF from thesignal detector 92 so that the radio frequency signal RF can be recordedand reproduced. The compensated radio frequency signal from the radiofrequency signal processor 92 is applied to the modulator/demodulator94. The modulator/demodulator 94 modulates or demodulates thecompensated radio frequency signal from the radio frequency signalprocessor 92. The radio frequency signal RF modulated in themodulator/demodulator 94 is recorded on the optical disc through arecording unit (not shown). The radio frequency signal RF demodulated inthe modulator/demodulator 94 is reproduced by means of a reproducingunit (not shown).

Also, the land/groove transition information detector 96 detects theland/groove transition information, thereby determining whether thelight beam arrives at the land/groove cross portion 76. The land/groovetransition information detector 96 applies a switching signal TS, aconfirmative signal CF and a masking signal MS to the servo 98 when theland/groove transition information is detected. The servo 98 inverts apolarity of the tracking error signal and changes a control status ofthe servo motor, at each time which the switching signal is received.The servo 98 responds to the comfirmative signal CF and maintains theswitched control status and the polarity of the tracking error signal.On the other hand, the servo 98 returns to the original status when theconfirmative signal CF is not received until the end time (or fallingedge) of the masking signal MS (i.e., the falling edge of the secondmirror pattern 80B).

FIG. 19 illustrates in detail the land/groove transition informationdetector 96 as shown in FIG. 18.

Referring to FIG. 19, the land/groove transition information detector 96includes a mirror pattern (or region) detector 100 for detecting thefirst and second mirror patterns 80A and 80B included in the radiofrequency signal from the signal detector 90 shown in FIG. 18, a 4Tsignal detector 102 for detecting spacers of 4T and recording marks of4T of transition data pattern 82 included in the radio frequency signalRF from the signal detector 90 of FIG. 18, first and second counters 104and 106 for counting the number of the spacers and recording marks, anda masking signal generator 108 for generating a masking signal MS. Theoperation of such a land/groove transition information detector 96 willbe described in reference to FIG. 20.

The mirror pattern detector 100 receiving the radio frequency signal RFfrom the signal detector 90 in FIG. 18 detects the first and secondmirror patterns 80A and 80B recorded in the land/groove cross portion 76of the optical disc. At each time which the mirror pattern 80A or 80Brecorded in the land/groove cross portion 76 of the optical disc isdetected, the mirror pattern detector 100 generates a mirror patterndetecting signal having a pulse of constant width. In other words, themirror pattern detector 100 generates a first mirror pattern detectingsignal responsive to the first mirror pattern 80A and a second mirrorpattern detecting signal responsive to the second mirror pattern 80B.Consequently, the mirror pattern detecting signal MD generated in themirror pattern detector 100 has a waveform as shown in FIG. 20. Themirror pattern detecting signal MD is applied to the masking signalgenerator 108 and the first counter 104.

The masking signal generator 108 responds to the mirror patterndetecting signal MD to generates the masking signal MS as shown in FIG.20. The masking signal MS has a pulse which maintains a first logiclevel during the period proceeding from a starting point (i.e., a risingedge) of the first mirror pattern 80A to an end point (i.e., a fallingedge) of the second mirror pattern 80B. In other words, the maskingsignal changes to the first logic level or value (for example, a highlogic level) when the first mirror pattern 80A is detected. The maskingsignal is transited from the first logic level to a second logic levelor value (for example, a low logic level) when the second mirror pattern80B is detected. The masking signal MS generated in the masking signalgenerator 108 is applied to the 4T signal detector 102 and the first andsecond counters 104 and 106. The masking signal MS also is supplied tothe servo 98 shown in FIG. 18.

The 4T signal detector 102 detects the spacer 84 of 4T and the recordingmark 86 of 4T included in the radio frequency signal RF from the signaldetector 90 of FIG. 18 when the masking signal MS from the maskingsignal generator 108 is received. In other words, the 4T signal detector102 performs the detecting operation of the spacer and recording markwhile the masking signal MS maintains the specific logic level (i.e.,the high logic level). The 4T signal detector 102 generates a 4T pulsesignal (not shown) at each time which the spacer of 4T and the recordingmark of 4T are detected. The 4T pulse signal generated in the 4T signaldetector 102 is applied to the first and second counters 104 and 106.

The first counter 104 performs a counting operation of the 4T pulsesignal during the interval of the first logic level (i.e., the highlogic level) of the masking signal MS. The first counter 104 starts thecounting operation of the 4T pulse signal at the starting point (forexample, the raising edge) of the mirror pattern detecting signal MD. Inother words, the first counter 104 starts the counter operation of the4T pulse signal when the first mirror pattern 80A is detected. In thecounting operation, the first counter 104 counts the 4T pulse signalreceived from the 4T signal detector 102 and generates the switchingsignal TS of pulse shape as shown in FIG. 20 when a counted valuearrives at a first predetermined value (for example, 50). The switchingsignal TS generated in the first counter 104 is applied to the secondcounter 106 and the servo 98 shown in FIG. 18. The servo 98 responds tothe switching signal TS from the first counter 104 and inverts thepolarity of the tracking error signal.

The second counter 106 performs the counting operation of the 4T pulsesignal during the interval of the first logic level (i.e., the highlogic level) of the masking signal MS. The second counter 106 starts thecounting operation of the 4T pulse signal at the starting point (forexample, the raising edge) of the switching signal TS. In the countingoperation, the second counter 106 counts the 4T pulse signal receivedfrom the 4T signal detector 102 and generates a comfirmative signal CFof pulse shape as shown in FIG. 20 when a counted value arrives at asecond predetermined value (for example, 100). The confirmative signalCF generated in the second counter 106 is applied to the masking signalgenerator 108 and the servo 98 shown in FIG. 18. The servo 98 respondsto the comfirmative signal CF and maintains a switched status.Meanwhile, the servo 98 returns to the original status when theconfirmative signal CF is not received until the end time (or fallingedge) of the masking signal MS (i.e., the falling edge of the secondmirror pattern 80B).

The land/groove transition information detector 84 can further include amask-triggering signal generator 110 for generating a mask-triggeringsignal TM. The mask triggering signal generator 110 responds to theconfirmative signal CF from the second counter 106 and the mirrorpattern detecting signal MD from the mirror pattern detector 100 andgenerates the mask triggering signal TM to be applied to the maskingsignal generator 108. The mask-triggering signal is a pulse maintaininga first logic level (i.e., a high logic level) from the starting pointof the confirmative signal CF to the end point of the second mirrorpattern 80B, as shown in FIG. 20. The masking signal generator 108responds to the mask triggering signal TM and forces the masking signalMS to change from the specific logic level (i.e., the high logic level)to a second logic level (for example, a low logic level), at the endtime (i.e., the falling edge) of the mask triggering signal TM.

As described above, when an optical disc, in which the same-phasewobbling area 24A and the different-phase wobbling area 24B are formedas shown in FIG. 3, is accessed, or when an optical disc, in which thesame-phase wobbling area 34A, the different-phase wobbling area 34B andthe pre-wobbling and post-wobbling areas 34C and 34D are formed as shownin FIG. 8, is accessed, the information recording/reproducing apparatusdetects the identification code, the recording clock and the rotationspeed information from the same-phase component in the wobbling signal Wand processes the different-phase wobbling component as errors.Accordingly, the information is recorded the information at all of thesame-phase and the difference-phase wobbling areas in the optical discas shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8, by the information recording/reproducingapparatus. Further, when an optical disc, in which the same-phasewobbling area 34A, the different-phase wobbling area 34B and thepre-wobbling and post-wobbling areas 34C and 34D are formed as shown inFIG. 8, is accessed, the information recording/reproducing apparatusperforms rapidly and accurately the recording and reproducing of theinformation on the basis of the synchronous patterns detected from eachof the pre-wobbling area 34C and the post-wobbling area 34D. As aresult, the optical discs in which land and groove tracks are wobbled asshown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8, can be accessed by the conventionalinformation recording/reproducing apparatus. Furthermore, the opticaldiscs in which the wobbling areas as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 areformed in the land and groove signal tracks are changeablely used forthe existing optical discs in which the wobbling areas as shown in FIG.1 and FIG. 2 are formed therein.

As described above, in the recording medium according to the presentinvention, the same-phase wobbling area and the different-phase wobblingarea are alternately arranged in each of the respective land and groovetracks, and the ID information of the address information and so on ispreformatted on the same-phase wobbling area. In such recording medium,the information is recorded on all of the same-phase wobbling area andthe difference-phase wobbling area by the synchronous pattern on thesame-phase wobbling area so that the information is recorded in all ofthe land and groove signal tracks without a waste of the recordablearea. Accordingly, the recording medium according to the presentinvention is capable of maximizing the recording capacity.

Also, since the pre-wobbling area and the post-wobbling area having thesynchronous pattern are further provided, the recording medium accordingto the present invention can be rapidly and accurately accessed.

Furthermore, in the optical disc of land/groove recording systemaccording to the present invention, the frame information indicating theland/groove cross portion is preformatted on a data area between thephysical address PID and the synchronous signal. On the other hand, theinformation, which is against to the bi-phase modulating regulation,indicating the land/groove cross portion is included in a synchronoussignal which is positioned at the front or the before of the starting orend portion of the land or groove track. Therefore, the optical disc ofland/groove recording system according to the present invention allowsthe land/groove cross portion to be identified. The opticalrecording/reproducing apparatus of present invention detects theland/groove transition information preformatted on the disc and controlsaccurately the tracking servo and etc. on the basis of the land/groovetransition information. As a result, The optical recording/reproducingapparatus can record and reproduce the information on the land andgroove tracks which are alternately formed on the optical disc.

In addition, the optical disc of land/groove recording system accordingto the present invention has the land/groove transition informationpreformatted between the starting positions of the land and groovetracks and the end positions of the groove and land tracks to allow theland/groove cross portion (or line) to be accurately identified.Accordingly, the optical disc of land/groove recording system preventsnoises from including in the radio frequency signal when the land/groovecross portion (or line) is accessed. The apparatus ofrecording/reproducing the optical disc of land/groove recording systemdetects the land/groove transition information preformatted on the discand controls accurately the servo. As a result, The apparatus ofrecording/reproducing the optical disc of land/groove recording systemcan detect accurately the radio frequency signal from the land/groovecross portion.

Although the present invention has been explained by the embodimentsshown in the drawings described above, it should be understood to theordinary skilled person in the art that the invention is not limited tothe embodiments, but rather than that various changes or modificationsthereof are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.For example, although optical discs has been used in the embodiments ofthe present invention, it should be understood to the ordinary skilledperson in the art that the present invention is applicable to an opticalmagnetic disc. Accordingly, the scope of the invention shall bedetermined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

1. A recording medium, comprising: a land track, and a groove trackalternated with the land track, wherein the land track and groove trackare wobbled in a predetermined frequency; and a control informationpre-recorded and modulated in a wobble of at least one of the land andthe groove tracks, wherein the control information includes a physicaladdress to indicate a current location of a corresponding data unit andan identification information to indicate whether a current track is aland track or a groove track.
 2. The recording medium of claim 1,wherein the control information further includes first information forindicating a number of data units to a next transition from the landtrack to the groove track or from the groove track to the land track. 3.The recording medium of claim 2, wherein the first informationrepresents a number of control information from the corresponding dataunit to a transition between the land and groove tracks.
 4. Therecording medium of claim 1, wherein the control information furtherincludes second information for indicating whether the controlinformation is valid or not.
 5. The recording medium of claim 1, whereinthe control information is positioned between a pre-synchronous patternand a post-synchronous pattern.
 6. The recording medium of claim 1,wherein the control information further includes an error detecting codeto detect an error in the physical address and the identificationinformation.
 7. The recording medium of claim 1, wherein the controlinformation is included in a predetermined interval.
 8. The recordingmedium of claim 1, further comprising: a same phase wobbling area; and adifferent phase wobbling area adjacent to the same phase wobbling area,wherein the control information area is located at the same phasewobbling area.
 9. The recording medium of claim 8, further comprising apre-wobbling area followed by the same phase wobbling area, thepre-wobbling area including sync pattern data.
 10. The recording mediumof claim 9, further comprising a post-wobbling area following the samephase wobbling area, the post-wobbling area including sync pattern data.11. The recording medium of claim 1, further comprising: a pre-wobblingarea followed by a same phase wobbling area; and a post-wobbling areafollowed by a different phase wobbling area, wherein each of thepre-wobbling area and the post-wobbling area includes sync pattern datamodulated in wobble, and wherein the control information is located atthe same phase wobbling area.
 12. An information recording/reproducingapparatus, comprising: a signal detector to detect a wobbling signalpre-recorded in a land track or a groove track of a recording medium,the wobbling signal including control information including addressinformation to indicate a physical position of a data unit and a anidentification information to indicate whether a current track is a landtrack or a groove track; a control information detector for receivingthe wobbling signal from the signal detector, and detecting the controlinformation from the wobbling signal; and a recording processor forcontrolling recording on the land track or groove track of the recordingmedium based on the detected control information.
 13. The apparatus ofclaim 12, further comprising a tracking controller for controlling atracking servo in the land or groove track identified based on theidentification information, by inverting a polarity of a tracking errorsignal.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a reproducingprocessor for controlling recording on the recording medium based on thedetected control information.